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| Barnmanbaria |
Geography:Brahmanbaria district is located at the east-central region of Bangladesh. It has a total area of 1927.11 km². Brahmanbaria is bounded by Kishoreganj District and Habiganj District on the north, Comilla District on the south, Habiganj District and Tripura State, India on the east and Meghna River, Kishoreganj District, Narsingdi District and Narayanganj District on the west.
The geography of the district is characterized by low-lying land with small hills and hillocks of red soil. Annual highest average temperature is 34.3 °C and lowest 12.7 °C. Total annual rainfall is 2551 mm. The main rivers of the district are the Meghna River, the Titas River,Buri and Haora.[1]
Administrative units:Brahmanbaria district is divided into eight Upazillas (previously known as Thanas) as below:[2]
1.Brahmanbaria Sadar Upazila
2.Ashuganj Upazila
3.Nasirnagar Upazila
4.Nabinagar Upazila
5.Sarail Upazila
6.Kasba Upazila
7.Akhaura Upazila
8.Bancharampur Upazila
9.Bijoynagar Upazila(new)creat-dec 2010
The current District and Sessions Judge is Mr. A.F.M. Mostafa, Chief Judicial Magistrate is Mr. Shafiul Azam, DC is Mr. Md. Abdul Mannan, SP is Mr.Md. Mukhlesor Rahman.
Parliament constituencies:There are six Jatiyo Shangshad constituencies in Brahmanbaria district. These constituencies and the current Members of Parliament are:[3]
Natioanl seat no 243 Brahmanbaria 1 (Current MP Mohammad Sayedul Haq)
Natioanl seat no 244 Brahmanbaria 2 (Current MP Ziaul Haque Mridha)
Natioanl seat no 245 Brahmanbaria 3 (Current MP R.A.M. Obaydul Muktadir Chowdhury)
Natioanl seat no 246 Brahmanbaria 4 (Current MP Mohammed Shah Alam)
Natioanl seat no 247 Brahmanbaria 5 (Current MP Shah Zikrul Ahmad)
Natioanl seat no 248 Brahmanbaria 6 (Current MP A B Tajul Islam)
Culture:Brahmanbaria has a rich tradition of nurturing art, education and culture. It is often figuratively called the cultural capital of Bangladesh. To the field of literature the contributions of Adyta Mallavarman, Jotirindra Nandi, Abdul Kadir, Fazal Shahabuddin are remarkable. The town also represents a rich tradition of musical endeavor. Ustad Allauddin Khan, the great musical talent of the sub continent and the father of 'Maihar Gharana' of Classical Indian music, was born in this district in 1862.[4]
Others who contributed to the arena of music from Brahmanbaria significantly are: Ustad Fakir (Tapas) Aftab Uddin Khan, Ustad Ayet Ali Khan, Ustad Ali Akbor Khan, Ustad Bahadur Hussain Khan, Ustad Abed Hussain Khan, Ustad Khadem Hussain Khan, Ustad Raja Hussain Khan, Amar Paul, Ustad Khurshid Khan, Subal Das, Syed Abdul Hadi and Ustad Afjalur Rahman. Ustad Ayet Ali Khan established the Alauddin Music College in Brahmanbaria in 1957 and Shilpacharya Zainul Abedin established the Alauddin Sangitayan in 1975. Mohorshee Monomohan Dutta is also a remarkable name for his "Molaya" music. Sachin Dev Burman (better known as SD Burman), the renowned musician of the sub-continent, spent some time in Brahmanbaria. Mr. Umesh Chandra Roy was one of the greatest musicians of Alauddin Music institute.
Al Mahmud, one of the leading poets of modern Bengali, was born in Brahmanbaria in 1936.[5][6]
History:Brahmanbaria was a part of Samatata Janapada of the ancient Bengal. The first and temporary capital of Isa Khan was at Sarail, located at 10 km north of Brahmanbaria Town. During the Mughal era, Brahmanbaria was famous for producing quality cloth Muslin.
Brahmanbaria was made one of the 3 Sub-divisions of Comilla District by the British rulers in 1860.[1] Brahmanbaria Municipality was established in 1868. It became part of East Pakistan in 1947 which eventually became independent Bangladesh in 1971.
During the 19th century, Brahmanbaria produced great nationalist leaders like Nawab Syed Shamsul Huda, who became president of All India Muslim League in 1921, and Barrister Abdur Rasul a front ranking leader of Indian National Congress. When the swadeshi movement began in the wake of the partition of Bengal (1905), Brahmanbaria born revolutionary Ullaskar Datta (Aviram) was convicted for throwing bomb and was deported to the Andamans. On 14 December 1931 Suniti Chowdhury, Shanti Ghosh and Gopal Deb killed the then District magistrate CCB Stevens at his residence by gunshot. During the peasant movement in 1930, Congress leader Abdul Hakim asked the peasants to stop payment of taxes. During the no-rent movement, four civilians were killed when the British soldiers indiscriminately fired on civilians.
Upon encouragement of Oli Ahad, a pioneer Language Movement leader who hailed from Brahmanbaria, the movement obtained momentum in this district in 1952.[7]
Bir Sreshtho Mostafa Kamal obtained martyrdom in an encounter at Daruin of Akhaura during the War of Independence in 1971.[8] The graveyard of this hero is situated at Mogra. Intellectual, freedom fighter, general secretary- east Pakistan labor federation , sheed (late) abm abdur rahim born here on 1st January, 1935 Mullah Bari, village Ghatiara, union Bashudeb, police station & district Brahmmanbaria. Pakistan army arrest abm abdur rahim , his work palace ujalla match factory, postogola Dhaka 5th may 1971, when he addressing secret meeting his work place with his stuff, worker & local leader about participate liberation war as a freedom fighter for independent Bangladesh. Pakistan army convicted him as a state-enemy. They start a Police case as state-enemy against abm rahim at tejgon police station same day. He couldn’t come bake from Pakistani army’s custody. After liberation Bangabandhu shekh mojibar rahman wrote a later Rahims family with sorrow & he gives money his wife. Bangladesh postal department published postal stamp as his honor.Bangla academy published a book “srimty ‘71” part 4 by edited by Rashid haydar
Newspaper:Locally published newspapers and periodicals Daily Brahmanbaria (1992) which has been published by Md. Nurul Hossain. Daily Pratibedan (1993), Daily Ajker Halchal (1997), Daily Titas Kantha (1999), Daily Samatat Barta (2000), Daily Dindarpan (2000); Md. Nurul Hossain also published Weekly Titas, Weekly Penbridg (1999), Fortnightly Charch (1997); Periodicals- Sahitya Academy Patrika, Nasirnagar Barta, Sarail Barta, Muktaprabaha; extinct- Bangabandhu (1875, Kalikachha), Usha (1893), Hira (1894), Sudhakar (nineteenth century), Santan (1913), Palli Pradip (1920, Kalikachha), Al Bushra (1921), Prajabandhu (1920), Chunta Prakash (1926), Tripura Prakash (1301 BS), Rayat Bandhu (1929, Kalikachha), Jayanti (nineteenth century), Sebak (1957), Parichaya (1964), Samaj (1966), Pari (1966), Vhela (1967), Tridhara (1967), Pratinidhi (1970), Pratibedan (1979), Renessa (1988), Belaseshe (1992, Sarail).shusil shomajer dak(akhaura)
Cultural organisations:Club 89, public library 9, cinema hall 16, womem's organisation 80, community centre 8, Shilpakala Academy 1, Shishu Academy 1, Museum 1, theatre stage 1, theatre group 8, opera party (extinct) 20, circus party 1, puppet-show party 10, literary society 20, cooperative society 832 and playground 85. Noted cultural organisations: BGFC Officers' Club, Brahmanbaria Public Library, Brahmanbaria Archives Museum, Town Hall (Ustad Alauddin Khan Municipal Auditorium), Royal Star Circus, Royal Bina Opera, Sahitya Academy. For more information visit [2]
Economy:Main occupations: Agriculture 44.79%, agricultural labourer 15.82%, wage labourer 3.13%, commerce 12.26%, service 6.8%, fishing 2.02% and transport 1.85%, weaving 2.39% and others 10.94%.
Land Use: Total cultivable land 1,522.80 km²; fallow land 7 km²; single crop 28.38%, double crop 53.95% and triple crop land 17.67%; land under irrigation 55.31%.
Land Control: Among the peasants 11% are landless, 61% small, 24% intermediate and 4% rich; cultivable land 700 m² per head.
Main crops: Rice, jute, wheat, mustard seed, potato, onion, garlic, chili, pulses, brinjal and Kakrol.
Main Fruits: Mango, jackfruit, blackberry, papaya, coconut, guava, lemon and banana.
Manufacturing plants: Fertiliser factory, flour mills, rice mills, ice factory, oil mill, saw mill, welding, etc. Zia Fertilizer, the biggest fertilizer factory of Bangladesh is located by the bank of Meghna at Ashuganj, which is a major trade centre of rice in the eastern part of Bangladesh.
Electric Power: Ashuganj Tap Bidyut Kendra(Power centre)located in the bank of Meghna,is the major power generation centre for capital Dhaka.Main raw material for this plant is Titas gas.
Minerals: Titas Gasfield is located at the outskirts of Brahmanbaria town. This field was discovered in 1962. As per latest official re-estimation, total recoverable gas reserve of Titas gas field is 4,740 billion cubic feet (134 km3). Commercial gas production from this field was commenced in 1968 and till August 31, 2006 total 2,581.162 billion cubic feet (7.30904×1010 m3) gas has been produced. The wells are spread (surface location) at 6 (six) different locations stretched over about 8 km distance. At present maximum 475 million cubic feet (13,500,000 m3) of gas is produced daily and supplied to the transmission pipelines of Titas Gas Transmission & Distribution Co. Ltd. (TGTDCL) and Gas Transmission Company Ltd. (GTCL). Condensate produced (540 bbl (86 m3) per day on an average) with gas as by-product is fractionated into MS (Petrol) and HSD(Diesel) through two fractionation plants and the products are being supplied to Padma Oil Company Ltd. Saldanodi Gas field is another gas field sitiuated in Kasba.It also plays an important contribution in national economy.This is launched by BAPEX.Meghna Gas Field is another Gas field of Brahmanbaria.
Cottage Industries: The district is famous for the production of cotton fabrics. In the nineteenth century, Tanjeb, a fine quality muslin, used to be produced in Sarail. Hats, made of cane, are being produced at Radhika from the British period. Since Brahmanbaria has a rich tradition of boat race, boats are being made at Champaknagar.
Communications:Communicational facilities of Brahmanbaria district are :
Roads - pucca (paved) 266 km, semi pucca 86 km and mud road 1629 km;
Waterways 131- nautical miles;
Railways- 71 km.
Brahmanbaria Station,renovated in 2004, is one of the busiest Railway Stations in the Dhaka-Chittagong and Dhaka-Sylhet line. Akhaura Junction is the biggest railway junction in the eastern part of Bangladesh.
Prominent Educational Institutions:
Brahmanbaria Govt. College, Brahmanbaria web:www.bgc.edu.bd >> [5]
Brahmanbaria Govt. Women's College, Brahmanbaria
Kazi Shafiqul Islam Degree College, Islampur
Nabinagar Government College, Nabinagar
T.Ali College, Kasba
Alhaj Harun Al Rashid Degree College, Shuhilpur.
Brahmanbaria High School web:www.bhsbd.info >> [6]
Annada Govt. High School, Brahmanbaria
Government Model Girls' High School, Brahmanbaria
Sabera Sobhan Girls' High School, Brahmanbaria
Ideal Residential School & College, Brahmanbaria
Niaz Mohammad High School, Brahmanbaria
Kuti Atal Bihari High School, Kuti
Sarail Annada High School, Sarail
Kheora Anandamoyi High School
Kalikacchha Pathshala High School
Raiway Government High School, Akhaura
Nabinagar Pilot High School, Nabinagar
Suhilpur Islamia Dakhil Madrashah,Suhilpur
Bakail High School
Tamiz Uddin High School, Chandapur.
Bodhal High School, Bodhal.
Shohata Adarsha Girls High School, Shohata.
Places of interest:
Deity at Kal Bhairab Temple, Medda (Early 19th century)
Jame Mosque of Sarail (1662)
Shrine(Mazar) of Kella Shahid at Akhaura (Early 18th century)
Tomb of Hazrat Syed Kazi Mahmud Shah (R)at Kazipara (Early 19th century)
Tofael-Azam Memorial Tower at the City Centre (1958)
Sree Sree Anandamoyi Asrom, Kheora, Kasba
Tomb of Birsrestha Mustafa Kamal, Akhaura
Bangladesh UK friendship Bridge, Ashuganj
Arphail Sagardighi Mosque & Twin Graves (sixteenth century), Sarail
Arphannesa Mosque,Sarail(1662)
Bhadughar Shahi Mosque,Bhadurghar(1084 AH)
Satidaha Temple (Biddakut), Nabinagar
Hatir Pool (Elephant Bridge),Baraiura
Shrine of Hazrat Shah Rahat Ali, Soyfullahkandi, Banchharampur.
Shohata Jame Mosque (Most Beautiful & Old 1947)
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